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Understanding Factory Functions in Python

Allwin Raju
2 min readJan 27, 2025

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Photo by Lalit Kumar on Unsplash

When working with Python, you’ll often encounter situations where you must dynamically create objects based on certain conditions or inputs. This is where factory functions come into play. Factory functions are a powerful and flexible way to encapsulate object creation logic, making your code cleaner, more modular, and easier to maintain.

In this blog post, we’ll explore factory functions, how they work, and why they’re useful, along with practical examples to help you get started.

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What is a Factory Function?

A factory function is a function that creates and returns new objects or values. Factory functions are commonly used to:

  1. Encapsulate object creation logic: Hide the complexity of object initialization.
  2. Provide flexibility: Create different types of objects based on runtime conditions.
  3. Simplify code: Centralize object creation in one place, making the code easier to read and maintain.

Example: A Shape Factory Function

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